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Sarna



Sarna




Los caballos son especialmente sensibles a padecer este tipo de emfermedad, y suele ser habitual que la padezcan, resultando molesta y, en ocasiones, peligrosa.

Existen diferentes tipos de sarna que, además, es más frecuente en verano ya que la sequedad que produce el calor, y con ella, los ácaros, y la mayor cantidad de mosquitos, contribuyen a su propagación.

La presencia de las sarna es evidente ya que el pelo del caballo pierde brillo, se vuelve opaco y aparecen costras y ampollas.




Hay tres tipos básicos de sarna:

*Sarcóptica: Se manisfiesta primero en la cabeza y pasa después al cuello, la espalda, y la zona de la silla. El parásito entra bajo la piel, donde deja sus huevos. Poco a poco, el caballo va desmejorando a nivel físico e incluso pierde el apetito.

*Psoróptica y auricular: Este parásito prefiere las zonas de pelo largo y donde se flexionan las articulaciones, por eso se verá cerca de la ingle, muslo, axilas, bajo el mechón de la nuca.... El caballo suele mover la cabeza de forma violenta.

*Coriópica: Se le conoce como sarna de los pies porque comienza en las extremidades posteriores y avanza hacia el resto del cuerpo. Es la menos contagiosa y la de más lento avance. Para combatirla es muy importante la limpieza tanto del caballo como la de las cuadras, en especial el comedero y el abrevadero, que siempre debe tener agua limpia. Además:

-Tener al caballo fuera de la cuadra, al aire libre.
-Quitar el estiércol a diario.
-Controlar la desparasitación de los caballos.
-Una correcta alimentación y un buen programa de ejercicios son básicos en las prevención.




Si a apesar de todos los cuidados, aparece la sarna, se debe:

1.- Separar a los animales sanos de los afectados.
2.- Esquilar por completo al caballo, incluso las crines, y quemar el pelo cortado.
3.- Limpiar la piel con un cepillo suave y abundante jabón.
4.- Aplicar cataplasmas con ésteras fosfóricos, que ayudan a combatir la infección. Deben cambiarse cada cierto tiempo (no más de 12 horas, ni aplicar más de 3 dias seguidos).
5.- Mantener los animales afectados al aire libre y, si es posible, que hagan algún ejercicio.
6.- El veterinario debe estar informado en todo momento de la afección.






 
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